Abstract
The establishing of facts and causal explanation is to be distinguished from text construction, that is, formulation of answers to basic research questions; in the latter procedure explanations and statements about established facts are used as structural elements from which the building which is the answer to a given research question is constructed. The basic research question, as distinct from derivative ones, is that to which all other questions posed during a given research work are somehow subordinated. In a given case there may be more such basic questions than one; the principal among them is the question included in the formulation of the (working or final) title of the study. It is inessential, and rather rare, for such a title to be followed by a query; in most cases the title is just L"Age de Louis XIV (Voltaire), Der achtzehnte Bru- maire des Louis Bonaparte (Marx), or La Cité antique (Foustel de Cou-langes), etc., because each such title may be changed into an interrogative (factographic or explanatory) sentence.