Abstract
The types of the methodological reflection on history, i.e., both on the past events and on historical research (whether formulated explicitly or applied by historians in practice), which have been discussed so far, were mainly concerned with ontological and epistemological issues. The clear priority given to analyses of the characteristic features of past events, seen in pragmatic, critical, erudite and genetic reflection, was followed — under the impact of structural reflection-by increased interest in historical cognition. But the study of methodological problems in the narrower sense of the term, i.e., the ways of arriving at the statements made by historians, the formal nature of such statements and the types of relationships between them still was only a side issue. But this required the acceptance of the fact that a logical analysis of science was necessary.